* volunteer n.
志愿者 v.
自愿做
(1)志愿者活动 volunteer activity
(2) 自愿做某事 volunteer to do sth.
Force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事
Sb is forced to do
(3) voluntary adj 自愿的，志愿的:自发的
His labor is not voluntary but forced.
[应用文通知类]希望大家能够自愿加入到帮扶农工子弟的行
列当中。
Everyone is expected to volunteer to help the children of
migrant workers
比如活动类提要求都可以用 sb. is expected to do 这个短语
我们在很多作文比如倡议信结尾，
[应用文报道]上周我们全班同学自愿去敬老院帮助老人们洗
衣做饭。
My classmates and I volunteered to help the elders in the
nursing home wash clothes and make meals.
* prefer v.
更喜欢，偏爱
(1)过去式过去分词 preferred/preferredPrefer A to B (2)更喜
...
而不是
prefer to do A rather than do B;
prefer doing A to doing B
(3) preference n.
喜爱;偏爱
对
...
有偏好 have a preference for sth
介词 for 在完形中喜欢考
[2011 江苏完形] The boy was not much of a fruit
eater,
preferring (prefer) a bar of chocolate if given the chance.
* content adj
.
满足的 n.
内容 vt.
使满意
(1)让某人感到心满意足 be content with.
* confuse Confucius 孔夫子
vt.
使困惑:使混乱
(1) confusing adj
.
令人困惑的:混乱的
(2) confused adj
.
感到困惑的
(3) confusion n.
困惑:混乱
The class is in confusion/order.[续与
情续] 当我看到这个小男孩给我递过来
一
个小盒子
时，我
一
脸困惑。
Confusion was written/all over my face when I saw the
boy handing me a small box.
I was confused when I saw 就。。。很突然
A was written all over one
’
s face when B
Confidence JJ was kissing HH
Surprise I won a prize in a lottery
Joy my idol dance.
Happiness the car accident.
Sadness my final exam marks.
Shock a new phone
[续写场景描写]这个突如其来的事故造成了现场
一
片混乱。
The unexpected accident threw the spot into confusion.
* advance v. 前进;促进:提前 n.
前进;进步
(1) in advance 提前
(2) advanced adj
. 高级的,先进的[概要]科技在以惊人的速度进步，它对人们的影响已经不可
估量。
Technology is advancing at an alarming rate, and its
influence is beyond measurement.
=
Technology is advancing at an alarming rate, whose
influence is beyond measurement.
* schedule n.
时刻表 v.
安排
似车堵了
(1)她行程很满 She has a tight/full schedule.
(2)提前: ahead of schedule 按时: on schedule 延迟: behind
schedule
(3) as scheduled 按计划
(4) be scheduled to do sth.
按计划去做某事
[应用文通知类]按计划，我们下周三上午 8: 00 于校门口集
合。As scheduled, we will set out/gather at 8:00 next
Wednesday at the school gate.
We are scheduled to set out at 8:00 next Wednesday at
the school gate.
[应用文
通知类]我们按计划将会同老人们
一
起包饺子并给
他们表演节目。
We are scheduled to make dumplings with the elderly and
give performance to them.
* addict n.
入迷的人 v.
使沉迷;使上瘾
(1)对
...
上瘾 be addicted to (介词)
[概要]沉迷玩游戏导致了很多人受伤或者事故的发生。
Being addicted to playing games leads to many injuries
and accidents.
* apply 申请:应用 把
..
应用到
..
(1) apply to 适用于
(3) apply for 申请
[应用文
一
申请信]我写信是为了申请学生会主席这
一
职位。
I am writing to apply for president of the student union[应用文
申请信]得知你组织了
一
个世界性的书籍分享活
动，我写信是为了申请这个，因为我和喜欢阅读并且有很
多书。
Learning that you are organizing this activity to share
books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it and the
reason is I love reading and I own a large number of
books.
Learning that you are organizing this activity to share
books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it because /for
I love reading and I own a large number of books.
Learning that you are organizing this activity to share
books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it for the
simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number
of books.
一
个的子如果不只
一
个动词，最简单的处理方式加 and,更
好的可以用从句/非调语，甚至可以转换成 介宾短语(最后
一
个老师自己不熟悉的话就别提)。
* recognize vt.
辨别出:承认(1) 承认某人是 recognize sb. as/to be
JJ recognizes HH as his boyfriend forever.
(2)某人被公认为 sb. be recognized as/to be
[应用文介绍类]他被公认为是
-一
个天才。
He was recognized as/to be a genius.
(3) [写作句型] It is widely recognized that...
[概要]人们
一
致认为环境污染是现在最严重的社会问题
一
。
It is widely recognized that pollution is one of the most
serious social issues in modern society
.
老高考议论文常用装腔开头，新高考不太考议论了，但是
阅读和概要都可能出现
(4) recognition n.
[练习] I haven
'
t seen Sara since she was a girl, and she
has changed beyond___
.
A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure
(5) beyond 常见搭配还有:
beyond one
‘
s ability 超出某人的能力
beyond reach 够不到beyond doubt 毫无疑问
beyond repair 难以修复
beyond description 难以描述
beyond belief 难以置信
* request v.&n.
请求，要求
(1)请求某人做某事 request sb. to do sth.
(2)在某人的请求下 at one
'
s request; at the request of
sb.
(3) request sth. = make a request for sth.
[练习] Don
’
t respond to any emails ___ personal
information, no matter how official they look.
A. searching
B. asking
C. requesting
D. questioning
[词性变化]
- Organize vt.&vi.
组织，筹备
- company n.
公司;陪伴
- personality n.
性格4. revise vt. &vi.
修改，修订，复习
- prefer vt. 更喜欢
- challenge n. &v.
挑战
- confuse vt. 使糊涂;使迷惑
- fluent adj
.
流利的，熟练的
- recommend vt. 推荐;建议
- advance adj
.
先进的，高级的
- addict n.
上瘾者;入迷的人
- apply vt.
/vi.
应用:申请
- recognize vt. 辨别出;承认;认可
